EHVAC And DC Transmission Quantum PDF Free Download

EHVAC And DC Transmission Quantum PDF Download Info

EHVAC And DC Transmission Quantum PDF Free Download, ehv ac hvdc transmission and distribution engineering pdf download, difference between ehvac and hvdc transmission system.

EHVAC And DC Transmission Quantum PDF

Ehv Ac Transmission Is Necessary – Benefits And Drawbacks – Power Handling Capacity And Line Losses – Mechanical Considerations – Resistance Of Conductors – Characteristics Of Bundled Conductors – Bundle Spacing And Bundle Radius – Examples. Line And Ground Reactive Parameters:line Inductance And Capacitance; Sequence Inductances And Capacitances; Modes Of Propagation; Ground Return; Examples.

Power Loss And Audible Noise (An) – Corona Loss Formulae – Charge Voltage Diagram – Generation, Characteristics, Limits, And Measurements Of An – Relationship Between Single Phase And Three Phase An Levels – Examples Examples Of Electromagnetic Interference Caused By Radio Interference (Ri) Electrostatic Field Calculations For Effects On People, Animals, And Plants.

Power Circle Diagram And Its Application, Voltage Control Using Synchronous Condensers, Cascade Connection Of Shunt And Series Compensation, Sub Synchronous Resonance In Series Capacitor, Compensated Lines, And Static Var Compensating System

Transmission Of Hvdc Is Required. Economics & Terminal Equipment Of Hvdc Transmission Systems: Types Of Hvdc Links – Apparatus Required For Hvdc Systems – Comparison Of Ehv Ac & Hvdc Transmission, Hvdc Transmission System Application. Selecting A Converter Configuration, Analysing Graetz, And Comparing The Characteristics Of Six And Twelve Pulse Converters.

Harmonics: Harmonic Generation Characteristic Harmonics, Ac Harmonic Calculation, Non-characteristic Harmonics, Adverse Effects Of Harmonics, Voltage & Current Harmonic Calculation, And The Impact Of Pulse Number On Harmonics. Filters: Single-tuned Filter Designs, Types Of Ac Filters, And High Pass Filter Designs.

The World’s Industrialised Nations Need A Significant Amount Of Energy, A Large Portion Of It Comes From Electrical Energy. Other Energy Sources, Which Account For A Significant Fraction Of Total Energy Consumption, Include Oil For Transportation And Industry, As Well As Natural Gas For Domestic And Industrial Use.

Therefore, While Not The Only Kind Of Energy Used, Electrical Energy Plays A Significant Role. Only 150 Years Have Passed Since Faraday Created The Dynamo And 120 Since Edison Installed The First Central Station Using Direct Current.

However, The Majority Of The World’s Natural Resources Have Already Been Used Up In This Short Amount Of Time, And In Order To Meet The Rapid Rate Of Consumption That Is Outpacing The Discovery Of New Resources, Sources Of Energy Other Than Hydro And Thermal Are Being Sought For.

This Won’t Slow Down Over Time, Therefore If Resources Are To Be Preserved For Future Generations, Intelligent Societies Must Lower The Rate Of Annual Increase In Energy Use.

After The Second World War, Nations All Over The World Gained Their Independence And Are Now Developing Their Industries At A Tremendous Rate, Mostly Along The Lines Of Nations In North America, Europe, The Ussr, And Japan.

As A Result, There Is An Urgent Need For Energy In These Developing Nations, And National Policies And Their Interactions With Other Nations Are Often Based On These Needs, Particularly Nuclear Energy. For A Variety Of Reasons, Hydroelectric And Coal Or Oil-fired Stations Are Situated Far From Load Centres, Necessitating The Transmission Of The Generated Electric Power Over Very Long Distances.

Transmission Of This Requires Very High Voltages. Since 1950, Dc Transmission Has Advanced At An Extremely Rapid Rate, Complementing Or Supplanting E.h.v. Ac Transmission In Extra-long-distance Transmission. They Both Have Important Roles To Play, And A Nation Must Carefully Consider Both To Determine Which Is Best For The Economy Of The Nation.

We Need To Know The Value Of Positive-sequence Line Inductance And Its Reactance At Power Frequency In Order To Be Able To Estimate The Maximum Amount Of Power That A Single Circuit Can Handle At A Given Voltage.

Additionally, Due To The Need To Save Energy, Line Losses Brought On By The Conductors Heating Up Are Becoming Increasingly Significant In Modern Practise.

Therefore, It May Be Possible To Use Higher Voltages Than Those That May Be Dictated By Purely Economic Considerations In Order To Reduce Both The Conductor Resistance R And The Current I To Be Transmitted By Using Bundles Of Conductors That Include Many Sub-conductors Connected In Parallel.

For Our First Estimates, We Will Use The Average Values Of The Parameters For Lines With A Horizontal Configuration As Shown In Table 1.1.

The Amount Of Power That May Be Transmitted When Line Resistance Is Disregarded Depends On (A) The Magnitudes Of The Voltages At The Ends (Es, Er), (B) Their Phase Difference, And (C) The Total Positive Sequence Reactance X Per Phase, When The Shunt Capacitive Admittance Is Disregarded.

The Aforementioned Scenario May Occur If The Brahmaputra River’s Power Potential In Northeastern India Is Harnessed And Sent To West Bengal And Bihar. Keep In Mind That Using 1200 Kv Ac Transmission Results In A Total Power Loss That Is Almost One-eighth That Of 400 Kv.

It Is Clear From The Discussion In The Previous Section That The Choice Of Transmission Voltage Depends On (A) The Total Power Transmitted, (B) The Transmission Distance, (C) The Allowed Percentage Of Power Loss, And (D) The Number Of Circuits Permitted From The Perspective Of Land Acquisition For The Line Corridor. For Instance, A Single Circuit 1200 Kv Line Needs A Width Of 56 M, Three 765 Kv Lines Need 300 M, And Six 500 Kv Single-circuit Lines Need 220 M Of Right-of-way To Transmit The Same Amount Of Power (R-o-w). The Technological Know-how Of The Nation Is Another Factor.

To Draw A Comparison For Choosing The Transmission Voltage, Two Instances Of Comparable Circumstances With Regard To The Available Hydroelectric Power Will Be Given. India And Canada Are Both Represented In The First. Then, These Concepts Will Be Used To Thermal Generation Stations Near Mine Mouths That Need Lengthy Transmission Lines To Evacuate The Bulk Power To Load Centres.

The Enormous Importance That Designers Place On The Issues Caused By Vibrations And Oscillations Of The Very Heavy Conductor Arrangement Necessary For E.h.v. Transmission Lines Will Be Briefly Described In This Section.

These Vibrations, Countermeasures, And Spacings Of Sub-conductors Will Also Affect The Electrical Design As The Number Of Sub-conductors Used In A Bundle Rises, Particularly The Surface Voltage Gradient.

The Electrical Designer Must Start His Calculations Of Resistance, Inductance, Capacitance, Electrostatic Field, Corona Effects, And All Other Performance Characteristics From The Tower Dimensions, Phase Spacings, Conductor Height, Subconductor Spacings, Etc. That The Mechanical Designer Will Recommend. The Two Work Together As A Result.

Suitable Spacers Are Used To Separate The Sub-conductors In A Bundle, But These Spacers Pose Their Own Issues, Such As Fatigue To Themselves And To The Outer Strands Of The Conductor During Vibrations.

Although The Design Of Spacers Won’t Be Covered In This Article, Manufacturers’ Catalogues Should Be Consulted For The Range Of Spacers That Are Offered. For E.h.v. Lines, These Spacers Are Offered At Intervals Of Between 60 And 75 Metres, Which Is Around 300 Metres.

As A Result, There Might Be Two End Spans And Two To Three Sub Spans In The Middle. If There Are Any Wind And Ice Storms, The Spacers Prevent Conductors From Rubbing Or Colliding With One Another. The Bundle Spacer, However, May Damage Itself Or The Conductor At Certain Critical Vibration Conditions Under Less Severe Wind Conditions.

Electrically Speaking, There Is Electrostatic Repulsion Between The Sub-conductors Since Their Charges Have The Same Polarity. On The Other Hand, There Is Electromagnetic Attraction Since They Carry Currents In The Same Direction.

7 The Spacer Experiences A Force During Normal Or Abnormal Electrical Operation Because This Force Is Particularly Strong During Short-circuit Currents. Three Types Of Vibration Are Acknowledged As Being Crucial For E.h.v. Conductors, With The Severity Of Each Kind Depending On A Variety Of Factors, The Main Ones Being:

(A) Conductor Tension, (B) Span Length, (C) Conductor Size, And (D) Conductor Type. The Line’s Terrain, The Direction Of The Predominant Wind, The Kind Of Clamp Used To Support Conductor-insulator Assemblies From The Tower,

The Type Of Tower, The Height Of The Tower, The Type Of Spacers And Dampers, And The Vegetation Around Are All Factors. In General, Winds Without Turbulence Provide The Most Severe Vibration Conditions, Therefore Hills, Structures, And Trees Aid In Reducing The Severity. There Are Many Different Types Of Vibration, Including.