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Protecting Children Has Always Been A Tradition In Chile. Our Strategy Has Evolved Since The Middle Of The 20th Century In Response To Growing Concern And Increased Global Awareness Of The Problem. However, The Focus Of Protection Was On Trying To Solve Major Food Shortages And Healthcare Gaps By Providing Extra Food, Vaccines, And Basic Medical Treatment.
The Convention On The Rights Of The Child (Crc), Which Chile Ratified In 1990, Has Been In Effect For 28 Years. It Has Been 58 Years Since The United Nations Adopted The Declaration Of The Rights Of The Child. This Means That 27 Years Ago, Just A Few Months After Democracy Was Restored, Our Nation Adopted The Four Fundamental Principles Of The Convention: Non-discrimination, The Child’s Best Interests, The Right To Survival, Development, And Protection, And Having A Say In Decisions That Affect Them. This Commitment To Early Childhood Was Clear And Firm.
We Have Made Significant Steps To Keep That Promise. The Ley De Filiación Of 1998, Which Ended The Horrifying Difference In Legal Status For Children Born Outside Of Marriage, And The Introduction Of New Judicial Proceedings In The Family Justice System In 2004 As Well As Legislation For Adoption That Safeguards Children’s Interests And Allows Them To Live In A Home Where They Feel Loved And Protected Are Some Of The Major Turning Points.
Unquestionably, The Development Of The “Chile Crece Contigo” (Or “Chile Grows With You”) System A Decade Ago Marked One Of The Most Important Steps In Ensuring That All Boys And Girls Reach Their Full Developmental Potential. Prenatal Monitoring For Mothers Was Followed By An Initial Scope From Birth To Four Years Of Age, Which We Just Extended To Age Nine. This Was The First Systematic, Cross-sectoral, Structured Policy For Protecting Early Childhood Rights. The Crc Urges States To Safeguard And Advance Children’s Full Range Of Rights By Accompanying Them As They Grow And Taking Appropriate Protective Or Repressive Measures As Needed. A Multifaceted Approach Is Required For A Task Like This, One That Can Coordinate And Reinforce The Work Carried Out By Various Sectors, One That Transcends Presidential Terms Of Office, And One That Establishes Itself As A Commitment To Children Undertaken By The State Rather Than By Any One Particular Government.
Therefore, Efforts Were Combined, New Programmes And Benefits Were Created, Community Networks Were Established, And We Started Working With Children Differently Rather Than Each Sector Doing Things Their Own Way. We Began By Keeping An Eye On Mothers’ Pregnancies, Doing Healthy Child Check-ups, Offering Support For Kids’ Overall Development, And Creating Targeted Interventions, Mostly In The Areas Of Health, Education, And Justice.
This Paradigm Shift, Which Was Formerly Often Viewed With Suspicion, Is Now Recognised As Being Crucial. No One Now Questions The Significance Of Stimulation Throughout A Child’s Formative Years. Today, Everyone Is In Agreement That It’s Crucial To Identify Children Who Are Falling Behind Early So That We Can Intervene. No One Is Surprised Anymore That Early Childhood Education Is The Best Investment A Nation Can Make, Tackling Inequality At Its Source By Addressing The Differences That Separate Population From Infancy.
We’ve Seen Tangible Outcomes. More Than 1,600,000 Boys And Girls Were Born And Protected By The System, And More Than A Million Packages Of Clothing And Other Necessities Were Given To Babies Born In The Public System. In The Last Ten Years, Nearly 2 Million Pregnant Women Participated In Our Parental Monitoring Scheme; We Encouraged The Mother’s Partner Or Another Family Member To Be Present At The Birth, And That Now Happens In Six Out Of Every Ten Cases. Skin-to-skin Contact For At Least 30 Minutes After Birth Is Increasing And Reached 76.3% In 2016. Additionally, 56.1% Of Mothers Continued Exclusively Breastfeeding Into The Sixth Month In 2016.
However, It Is Clear That We Need To Go Beyond Birth. In Order To Identify Developmental Delays And Refer Children To Specialists For Certain Types Of Stimulation, Healthy Child Check-ups And Monitoring Of Children As They Develop Are Helpful. 42% Of Kids Who Were Found To Be Falling Behind Have Now Caught Up As A Result Of This.
The Net Rate Of Nursery School Attendance Among Children Between The Ages Of 4 And 5 Is 90%, Providing Opportunities For Development. Children From Birth To Three Years Old Showed The Most Improvement Between 2006 And 2015: In 2006, This Age Group’s Net Attendance Rate Was 16.4%; By 2015, It Had Increased To 30%. (Ministry Of Social Development, 2016).
This Is Unquestionably Good News, Especially At This Time When We Are Working To Extend The System’s Coverage To Children Between The Ages Of 5 And 9. Two New Lines Are Being Used To Implement This Expansion. Initially, By Way Of The Mental Health Support Program, Which Will Treat Boys And Girls Between The Ages Of 5 And 9. Between 2016 And 2017, We Began Operating It In 23 Municipalities And Gradually Expanded It To 18 600 Kids. The Integrated Learning Support Program, Which We Are Providing To All Boys And Girls Of Preschool Age In State-run Schools And Nurseries, Is The Second Line Of Action. It Uses Tools For Stimulation And Creativity Like The “Games Corner.” Until We Can Provide Coverage For All Boys And Girls Between The Ages Of 5 And 9 Who Attend State-run Schools In Our Nation Or Get Medical Treatment Via The State Healthcare System, We Will Simultaneously Strengthen Current Programmes And Add New Interventions.
Even Though The System Has Now Been Implemented Over The Whole Nation And Is Yielding Notable Results, We Still Have Challenges To Overcome. As There Are Still Issues With Providing The Service In The Most Appropriate And Timely Manner, One Of Them Is Making Sure The System Operates At Its Best In All Of The Municipalities Around The Nation.
Inequality, Poverty, And Violence Are Linked To Structural Problems That Make It Difficult For Mothers, Fathers, And Carers To Cope With Stressful Situations, Which Harm Children’s Development. Of These Three, Poverty Is Steadily Decreasing Throughout The Nation, Although It Is Still More Prevalent In Families With Children Than In The General Population. We Must Change The Historically Siloed Nature Of Early Childhood Policy Because Of The Pressure These Structural Factors Put On Children’s Lives. Therefore, Our Current Challenge Is To Integrate Early Childhood Policy With The Nation’s More Comprehensive Development Policies.
The System Must Also Be Developed And Improved Continuously, Which Calls For Interventions That Are Highly Specialised. Adopting The Most Recent Developments In Early Childhood Knowledge And Strategies Necessitates The Implementation Of High-quality Continuous Training Programmes As Well As The Teaching Of Certain Skills That Aren’t Often Included In Pre-university Training Programmes. Cross-sector Working Networks Must Provide Input, And Ongoing Specialised Technical Assistance Is Necessary.
We Are Also Aware That Social Policies Are Always Being Improved To Allow For More Effective And Efficient Management. This Entails Putting The User First, Streamlining Procedures, Tools, And Community Access, Monitoring Resource Use And Allocation Transparency, And Fostering Participatory Processes. On This Point, A Crucial Tool Like Chile Crece Contigo’s Registration, Referral, And Monitoring System Needs To Improve Its Information Management Capabilities. It May Do This By Beginning To Use Predictive Or Beneficial Segmentation Models To Forecast The Emergence Of Risks In Terms Of Lifestyle, Enabling The Timely Issuance Of Alerts And The Provision Of The Appropriate Services.
The Future Childhood Rights Guarantee System, Which We Expect To Include The Whole Population Under The Age Of 18, Will Be Based Operationally On Chile Crece Contigo.
This Entails Putting New Sub-systems In Place For Other Age Groups In Addition To Reinforcing What Is Already Up And Running. A Modular Outlook Is Required For Effective Execution And Results. According To Mary Beloff, Integrated Childhood Protection Systems Are “A Model For Building” Where The Components Of A Larger System Are Gradually Included (Beloff, 1999).
This Requires Both Time And Particular Institutional Support, As The Chile Crece Contigo Experience Demonstrates. By The End Of This Administrative Term (March 2018), The Ministry Of Social Development Will Have Established A Cross-ministerial Committee On Social And Childhood Development With The Office Of The Undersecretary For Childhood, Which Will Continue To Oversee Chile Crece Contigo. In Addition To This, Boys And Girls Will Each Have A Children’s Watchdog, An Independent Organisation That Will Make Sure The State Respects, Promotes, And Protects Children’s Rights.
This Sturdy Institutional Structure Will Work Within A New Regulatory Framework That Effectively Protects The Recognition Of Children As Subjects With Rights And The Exercise Of Those Rights, Without Any Discrimination. Therefore, In A 10-year Cycle, We Will Have Laid The Fundamental Building Blocks For Safeguarding Our Kids’ Growth From Infancy Forward And Created A World Of Opportunities For Them To Realise Their Full Potential. By Doing This, We Will Be Able To Affirmatively And Consistently Tell All Of Our Boys And Girls That “Chile Grows With You.”
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